Study Reveals Impact on Utilization and Cost of Point-of-Sale Diagnosis Verification of GLP-1s

New research conducted by Navitus Health Solutions investigated the effectiveness of an automated point-of-sale system for verifying diagnoses for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the study, researchers compared this automated approach with traditional utilization management strategies, analyzing pharmacy claims data to assess the impact on medication utilization, costs, and patient access.¹

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GLP-1 medications function by attaching to GLP receptors, which activates the GLP-1 hormone’s natural effects. Increasing the dosage of these agonists results in a corresponding increase in the intensity of these effects, according to Cleveland Clinic.²

The injections are noted as first-line therapies to treat T2DM, indicated to slow digestion and regulate appetite. More recently, GLP-1s have demonstrated significant reductions in weight loss for patients, leading to their increased use for weight management.¹ Semaglutide (Wegovy, Ozempic), liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza), dulaglutide (Trulicity), and tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) are commonly prescribed GLP-1s for individuals with overweight or obesity.²

Traditional medication management typically relies on prior authorizations, causing delays in patients receiving necessary medications. The growing use of GLP-1 medications for T2DM and weight management has furthered the burden on existing resources because of the high volume of authorization requests, especially for unapproved or noncovered uses.¹

To address prior authorization challenges for GLP-1s, an automated point-of-sale system was implemented, requiring pharmacies to submit International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis codes with claims for T2DM. The current comprehensive study examined this new approach, which was launched on October 1, 2022, with a 3-month transition period. The study authors noted that during the transition, existing users’ claims were paid without diagnosis codes, but afterward, they became mandatory for payment.¹

Claims data from a total of 297,514 unique members were analyzed, comparing an intervention group of 233,747 members enrolled in health plans that required a diagnosis code with a control group of 63,767 members enrolled in plans without requirements.¹

The results demonstrated that the diagnosis code group reported a minimal increase in utilization, from 1.36% to 1.45% over 12 months. However, the control group experienced a significant increase from 4.11% to 6.80% over 12 months. Regarding cost, the diagnosis code group saw a 15% increase in per-member-per-month compared with 79% in the control group.¹

Additionally, the study assessed how the new system impacted patients’ access to medications. Of the claims initially denied because of the missing diagnosis codes, 45% were later approved once the correct documentation was provided. Following the approval of the claims, 78.3% were processed within 1 day, and 89.6% were processed within 4 days of the initial rejection.¹

However, the study authors highlighted a lack of data around baseline differences between the intervention and control groups as a limitation in the study, ultimately impacting GLP-1 utilization. The short duration of the 12-month study also provided limited data into the long-term effects of the diagnosis code requirement.¹

“This study demonstrates that technological solutions can effectively balance cost control, appropriate utilization, and patient access while reducing the administrative burden on providers and payers. As medication costs continue to rise and new therapeutic options emerge, effective approaches for benefit management such as this will become increasingly valuable to all health care stakeholders,” said the study authors in the news release.¹

The findings suggest that automated diagnosis verification offers a promising alternative for managing the use of GLP-1 medications, especially where confirming the diagnosis is the primary goal of utilization management.¹

REFERENCES

1. Jones T, Siwak A, Wickizer M, Schmidt R, Topp R. An automated approach to diagnosis verification of GLP-1 RA for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). News release. Navitus Health Solutions. Published March 24, 2025. Accessed April 10, 2025. https://navitus.com/resources/research-resources/an-automated-approach-to-diagnosis-verification-of-glp-1-ra-for-t2dm/#:~:text=The%20successful%20implementation%20of%20automated,rejection%20rates%20and%20resolution%20times

2. GLP-1 agonists. Cleveland Clinic. Updated July 3, 2023. Accessed April 10, 2025. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/13901-glp-1-agonists